The result of the chemometrics approach is an efficiency gain in assessing product quality ( Munck et al., 1998). Patterns in the data are modeled these models can then be routinely applied to future data to predict the same quality parameters.
Also, we show the application of chemometrics-a statistical technique that can directly correlate quality parameters to analytical instrument data collected on food products ( Liu et al., 1987). In view of the fact that Serbia is rich with cornelian cherry populations, an intensive breeding program has been started at the Faculty of Agriculture in Novi Sad ( Bijelić et al., 2008, 2009, 2010) to identify the best genotypes according to their morphological characteristics and chemical composition of the mesocarp and introduce them into intensive cultivation. Also, the cornelian cherry is a potential source of raw materials for phytomedicine ( Mamedov and Craker, 2002). As a result of the presence of flavonoids and anthocyanins, the cornelian cherry is considered as a medicinal plant whose fruits have antioxidant properties ( Horváth et al., 2007). Anthocyanins contained in fruits tend to reduce coronary diseases and are also used for antidiabetic purposes ( Jayaprakasam et al., 2005). The various bright colors (red, blue, and purple) of fruits, vegetables, and flowers come from anthocyanins, which are used as dietary polyphenols. It is prepared without cooking and additives but only with some sugar or honey ( Bijelić, 2009). In these parts of our country, the so-called stirred cornelian cherry jam is particularly popular. They also serve as ingredients added to various dishes. With their unique taste, cornelian cherry fruits can be consumed fresh or used in the production of beverages, candies, jellies, and jams. Cornelian cherry stones and leaves, from which tannins can be easily extracted, are also used as medicinal raw materials ( Burmistrov, 1994). In some Asian countries the cornelian cherry is the main ingredient of herbal preparations used in the treatment of diabetes ( Jayaprakasam et al., 2005 Jia et al., 2003). In Turkey, the cornelian cherry is widely used because of its antioxidant, antiallergenic, antimicrobial, and antihistamine properties ( Celik et al., 2006). In addition, it contains metabolites important for pharmacy and cosmetics. The cornelian cherry mesocarp has a high nutritional value, because it contains biologically a.i. It had served in the past centuries as a cure for various ailments in the form of teas, balms, and healing creams, but it had also been considered a delicacy ( Ercisli et al., 2008).
In ancient times the cornelian cherry had already been used as a medicinal plant as well as a fruit tree with high-quality wood. The popular saying “healthy as the cornelian cherry” translates aptly into English as “fit as a fiddle.” Furthermore, the cornelian cherry is highly tolerant to diseases and pests, which makes it suitable for production according to the principles of organic agriculture. In folk tradition, it is a symbol of health, spiritual firmness, stamina, and longevity. The cornelian cherry is a semi-domesticated plant that can be used as both food and medicine. Recently, more attention has started to be paid to the study and preservation of plant resources and to selection of wild fruit genotypes from natural populations ( Ercisli et al., 2007 Tosun et al., 2009). However, although exceedingly abundant in nutrients, these fruit types have been almost completely neglected in the past decades.
Most wild fruits can be consumed fresh or processed. selection genotype chemical composition mineral content Using PCA, different genotypes of cornelian cherry can be grouped in clusters based on similarity in their chemical composition. The highest positive correlation was found between TSC–SSC and total sugar–reducing sugar ( r > 0.95). The data were compared and analyzed by multivariate techniques. In the course of a 2-year study, significant differences have been noted in morphometric characteristics (fruit weight and flesh to stone ratio were 2.11 to 6.71 g and 78.52% to 88.74%, respectively) and chemical composition of the mesocarp of 18 cornelian cherry genotypes from Vojvodina Province. High variability in the natural population of the cornelian cherry in the region of Serbia is an important genetic potential for use in breeding programs.
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